Caisson construction



March l, 1932. T. BYRNE, JR

CAISSON CONSTRUCTION Filed April 6. 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l U Hizil wm ,f4

fg@ /wwgm March 1 1932.

T.l B YRNE, JR

cAIssoN CONSTRUCTION Filed April 6, 1951 s sheet-sheaJC 2 March l, 1932.T. BYRNE, JR 1,8471'814 CAISSON CONSTRUCTION Filed April 6. 1931 I5Shets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 1, 1932 lUNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE A pTHOMAS BYRNE, JB., oFcIIIcAGo, ILLINoIs cAIssoN CONSTRUCTION Applicationmea April e, 1931. .serial No'. 528,131.

This invention relates to improvements in caisson construction and, moreespecially, such construction for making. foundations. Myinvention maybe utilized, for example,

in the making of piers, foundations, supports,

and the like, for buildings, bridges, and other structures. Suchsupports or foundations frequently must be sunk to great depthsy in theearth and it is necessary or advisable'to first sink a cylindricalcaisson to the desired depths. The caisson is then` filled withconcretewhich solidiiies to make the permanent` support or foundation.

Among the features of my invention the` provision of such caissonconstruction made of cylindrical sections, thus facilitating hanf dlingof the same. Means are also provided for joining the sections togethervas thesame are lowered or sunk into the earth.

Another feature 'of my inventlon vis the provision of an improved shoemember adapt-g rounding earth. In connection w1th thls construction, Iprovide holes through the wallsv of the sections through which water,oil or grease maybe ejected. Thisvwater fills the and thus facilitatestheir 'downwardmovement. v r

Other features and advantages of my invention will appear more `full-yas I proceed with my specification.

In those forms of devices embodying the features of my invention shownin the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view;Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view on an enlarged scale similar to Fig. 1,showing more details; Fig. 3 is a top plan view; Fig. 4 is a sectionalview taken as indicated by the line 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is an enlargedvertical section showing the oint between two retaining rods; Fig.

vby 12, in order'toform theshoulder 13. Thei to leave spacestherebetween adapted to be lmember and for-attaching the sectionstospace surrounding the walls of the sections 6 is a top plan viewshowing amodified form of construction; Fig. 7 lis a similar viewin sideelevation; Fig. 8 isa view partlyin side elevation and partly invertical section showing another'modiication.; Fig..9 is asimilar viewin top plan; F ig. 10V is a top plan viewof another form; and Figs. 11and 12 are" vertical sectional-views showing details of the'same. f" aAsshown inl the? drawings, 10 indicates aV cylindrical cuttingshoeorshoe member hav-l i ing` a cutting Y edge 11` .(pointe'd i incross-secf tion).- The upper part of the cutting shoe 1s slightly-reduced in diameter,'as indicatedk cutting shoe'is preferably of aldiameter large enough to allow'a workman, or excavating ap; i

parat-us, or both, towork insideof the same.y In the practice of the*invention, the earth 14 is removed from inside .ofV the shoe and as thiscontinues, the shoe moves downwardly..

It is-to be vunderstood that'the shoe mem- -.ber 10-is preferablyof'rather heavy mate-- rial, for example, wrought iron.

On top ofthe shoe member, I provide al plurality of cylindrical caissonsections.

These sections are builtfup on the shoe mernberlO as it is lowered.krMeans are providedl forattaching the bottomsection to theshoe gether. 1y

I shall iirstdescribe that form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5,inclusive... As here shown, each of the caisson sections vislcylindrical lin shape, as indicated jby 15.

These'sections,for`example, may be made of concrete.- The shoe member 10is Uprovided on its upper surfacewitha circular groove or trough 16.Numerals 1,7, 17 indicate nipples ,projecting upwardly from the bottomof this trough. The-'lower edgey of each shoe section'l is4 preferablysomewhat pointed,

as indicated by -15,to conform in shape to the trough 16.l rIhe wall ofeach of the shoe sections 1 5 is provided with vertical holes containingtubular sleeve members 18 for the reception of retaining bolts 19.vNumerals 2Q. 20 indicate nuts screwed onto the nipples l17 intheshoemember'to receive the lower.. ends1 of the bolts119 for the?purpose'ofholdf lower ends of some of these bars aresuitablyg anchoredin thel shoe 33.-.;v The upper .ends ot Y thebars 34- project` abovetheglowermost seca iiig the first shoe section 15 in position. Thesleeves 18 are somewhat shortened at the lower ends and the bolt holessomewhat enlarged to receive the nuts 20. The upper edge of each shoesection 15 is also provided with a. trough 21 similar to the trough 16in the top of the shoe. Numeral 22 indicates a spacing washer inthetrough 21'on the top of each shoe section in order to space the nextsection above away slightly to provide the cracks or spaces 23 whic iare illed with suitable packing 24. The spacers 22v may be continuouscircular washers or a separate washer may be provided Vvfor each bolt.

In order to hold the sections'together, there is provided a nut 25 onthe upper end of each bolt. This holds the section below it down andalso provides a socket for holding `the-lower end of the next bolt 19above. In this manner, -therespective sections are set work .progressesandV thezshoe member l0 descends, new sections 15 may beadded` at theverticalhole in each of the sections containing the sleeve 18 issomewhat enlarged at the lower '.eiid, as indicated by 26, and the lowerend of. the sleeve18 some-what short-y cned, to form a space toaccommodate thej nut 25 as the sections are joined-together Thisconstruction is similar-.tothe construc-` nut 20at the shoe member. '1`

Each of the sections is provdedrwith radial pipe or pipes 27througlilthe .Wall hav;y ing a check valve or valves 28. rI he pipe 27is adapted to receive a water hose 29 so that a stream or jet of water,oil or vgrease 29v Y lied forni of construction in which veach of 32correspond'to'the bolts 19.- It' is tobev understood that the otherdetails of thev lform shown in Figs. 6 and' are similar to those shownin Figsl to 5, except that cast conlcrete blocks amJ used to build upthe sections.V

AIn Figures 8 and-9, I have shown anotherl 2 modification, in which theconcrete sections are cast in situ. In this form of device, there isemployed a cutting shoe- 33 similar to the? shoe 10. Projectingreinforcing bars 34 are used to connect the lowermost section 35 to fthe shoe 33, .itbeing understood that the said means gether. As hereshown, the upper edge of onesection 38 is provided with the trough 39,iii the bottom of which is placed a circular strip 40 provided withkeyhole slots or openings 41. Theilower edge of a caisson section 42next aboveis provided with depending bolts 43 having'heads 44 adapted tobe -located inthe keyhole slots 41 by aslightrotary. motion of the uppersection, inthe usual manner. Two sections 42 vand l 38 areshown lockedtogether in Fig. 12.y together and 1t is to be noted that as theklllhile I have shown and described certain iications. Changes,therefore, in the con-f struction and' arrangement. may be made iembodiments of my invention, it is to .be understood that it is capableofmany modithe top of the structure. As has been stated,

withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope oftheinveiitioii as disclosedinthe appended claim, in which it is my intention to claimv all *noveltyinherent in my invention as broadly as permissible, in` view of theprior art." Y. tion above described foriaccominodatingtlie v lVhat Iregard as new, and desire 'to'secureb-yLetters Patent, is:

In caisson construction; a cylindrical cutting shoe with upwardlyprojecting-nipples;

adapted to be stacked up on said shoevmeinber as the sa'meis lowered;means lfor attaching the bottoni section to the shoe member, includingbolts extending through thuewall of said sectionv adapted to be screwedinto said-above-mentioned nuts ;y andineans'for attaching the sectionsto -gether, said means including nuts adapted to be screwed on totheupper ends oi. theabovementioned bolts,- said Anuts engaging' the uppersurfaces otsections, the )lower ends of bolts in the walls of sectionsabove adaptedl to be screwedinto said nuts.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 3rd day of April,1931. l THOMAS BYRNILVJR'.

100. nuts adapted to be screwed on said nipples; r l I a .plurality ocylindrical caissonY sections

